| Principles
of listening
The principles of constructive listening
The principles of constructive listening form three distinct phases.
Each phase has its own added value in the overall listening process.
Take a closer look at the three phases of the reflective cycle of constructive
listening.
1 The preconditions for constructive listening:
preparation and effective organisation
The first principle of constructive communication is that each participant
is aware of the importance of listening, and starts by creating the
pre-conditions for effective listening.
2 Listening as co-production
Effective listening is more than just remaining silent and letting the
other participant speak. Effective listening requires solid preparation,
and a strong focus, whilst maintaining an open mind. Both through body
language and questions the listener shapes the communication, and his
effective listening becomes a contribution to the communication, turning
the listener into a co-producer. 
3 Listening as a technique: balancing listening
and writing
Interviews are a good example of listening with an objective; the listener
is gathering information that he will process as input for his research.
The skill to evaluate and digest information is essential in research
and in personal development. Listening for feedback is extremely important
for those who want to continuously assess and improve themselves.
Skill Sheets listening
The eight Skill Sheets about Listening address real-life, practical
questions and problems that you may face in your academic career. Each
Skill Sheet provides you with advice and guidance on a specific area
and gives you tips to improve your listening skills.
The table below tells you which Skill Sheet to go to
for a specific area.
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